Additional Marketing-oriented information about Frames is available
on www.netscape.com.
An example of frame content is available at
http://home.mcom.com/people/alexed/index.html
We offer honest thanks for your time and consideration of these
ideas.
**********
Alex Edelstein
Sr. Product Manager, Netscape Navigator
Netscape Communications Corp.
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INTERNET-DRAFT Eric Bina
Netscape Communications Corp.
Expires SIX MONTHS FROM---> September 17, 1995
A Proposed Extension to HTML: Frames
Status of this Memo
This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working
documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its
areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also
distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts.
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Distribution of this document is unlimited. Please send
comments to the HTML working group (HTML-WG) of the
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) at <[email protected]>.
Discussions of the group are archived at
URL: http://www.acl.lanl.gov/HTML_WG/archives.html
Abstract
Frames extend the layout flexibility of HTML to allow finer control
over content reload. This enables the designer to freeze content in
place and target results of actions into specific regions of the
screen.
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Frame Syntax
3.0 Examples
1. Introduction
Frames are generated by three things: FRAMESET tags, FRAME tags,
and Frame Documents.
Frame Document
A Frame Document has a basic structure very much like your normal
HTML document, except the BODY container is replaced by a FRAMESET
container which describes the sub-HTML documents, or Frames, that
will make up the page.
2.0 Frame Syntax
Frame syntax is similar in scope and complexity to that used by
tables, and has been designed to be quickly processed by Internet
client layout engines.
<FRAMESET>
This is the main container for a Frame. It has 2 attributes ROWS
and COLS. A frame document has no BODY, and no tags that would
normally be placed in the BODY can appear before the FRAMESET
tag,or the FRAMESET will be ignored. The FRAMESET tag has a
matching end tag, and within the FRAMESET you can only have other
nested FRAMESET tags, FRAME tags, or the NOFRAMES tag.
ROWS="row_height_value_list"
The ROWS attribute takes as its value a comma separated list of
values. These values can be absolute pixel values, percentage
values between 1 and 100, or relative scaling values. The number of
rows is implicit in the number of elements in the list. Since the
total height of all the rows must equal the height of the window,
row heights might be normalized to achieve this. A missing ROWS
attribute is interpreted as a single row arbitrarily sized to fit.
Syntax of value list.
value
A simple numeric value is assumed to be a fixed size in pixels.
This is the most dangerous type of value to use since the size of
the viewer's window can and does vary substantially. If fixed pixel
values are used, it will almost certainly be necessary to mix them
with one or more of the relative size values described below.
Otherwise the client engine will likely override your specified
pixel value to ensure that the total proportions of the frame are
100% of the width and height of the user's window.
value%
This is a simple percentage value between 1 and 100. If the total
is greater than 100 all percentages are scaled down. If the total
is less than 100, and relative-sized frames exist, extra space
will be given to them. If there are no relative-sized frames, all
percentages will be scaled up to match a total of 100%.
value*
The value on this field is optional. A single '*' character is a
"relative-sized" frame and issinterpreted as a request to give the
frame all remaining space. If there exist multiple relative-sized
frames, the remaining space is divided evenly among them. If there
is a value in front of the '*', that frame gets that much more
relative space. "2*,*" would give 2/3 of the space to the first
frame, and 1/3 to the second.
Example for 3 rows, the first and the last being smaller than the
center row: <FRAMESET ROWS="20%,60%,20%"> Example for 3 rows, the
first and the last being fixed height, with the remaining space
assigned to the middle row: <FRAMESET ROWS="100,*,100">
COLS="column_width_list"
The COLS attribute takes as its value a comma separated list of
values that is of the exact same syntax as the list described above
for the ROWS attribute.
The FRAMESET tag can be nested inside other FRAMESET tags. In this
case the complete subframe is placed in the space that would be
used for the corresponding frame if this had been a FRAME tag
instead of a nested FRAMESET.
<FRAME>
This tag defines a single frame in a frameset. It has 6 possible
attributes: SRC, NAME, MARGINWIDTH, MARGINHEIGHT, SCROLLING, and
NORESIZE. The FRAME tag is not a container so it has no
matching end tag.
SRC="url"
The SRC attribute takes as its value the URL of the document to be
displayed in this particular frame. FRAMEs without SRC attributes
are displayed as a blank space the size the frame would have been.
NAME="window_name"
The NAME attribute is used to assign a name to a frame so it can be
targeted by links in other documents (These are usually from other
frames in the same document.) The NAME attribute is optional; by
default
all windows are unnamed.
Names must begin with an alphanumeric character. However, several
reserved names have been defined, which start with an underscore.
These are currently:
_blank Always load this link into a new, unnamed window.
_self Always load this link over yourself.
_parent Always load this link over your parent.
(becomes self if you have no parent).
_top Always load this link at the top level.
(becomes self if you are at the top).
MARGINWIDTH="value"
The MARGINWIDTH attribute is used when the document author wants
some control of the margins for this frame. If specified, the value
for MARGINWIDTH is in pixels. Margins can not be less than one-so
that frame objects will not touch frame edges-and can not be
specified so that there is no space for the document contents. The
MARGINWIDTH attribute is optional; by default, all frames default
to letting the browser decide on an appropriate margin width.
MARGINHEIGHT="value"
The MARGINHEIGHT attribute is just like MARGINWIDTH above, except
it controls the upper an lower magins instead of the left and right
margins.
SCROLLING="yes|no|auto"
The SCROLLING attribute is used to describe if the frame should
have a scrollbar or not. Yes results in scrollbars always being
visible on that frame. No results in scrollbars never being
visible. Auto instructs the browser to decide whether scrollbars
are needed, and place them where necessary. The SCROLLING attribute
is optional; the default value is auto.
NORESIZE
The NORESIZE attribute has no value. It is a flag that indicates
that the frame is not resizable by the user. Users typically resize
frames by draggin a frame edge to a new position. Note that if any
frame adjacent to an edge is not resizable, that entire edge will
be restricted from moving. This will effect the resizability of
other frames.The NORESIZE attribute is optional; by default all
frames are resizable.
<NOFRAMES>
This tag is for content providers who want to create alternative
content that is viewable by non-Frame-capable clients. A
Frame-capable Internet client ignores all tags and data between
start and end
NOFRAMES tags.
3.0 Examples
This example compares Frame syntax and TABLE syntax, and will show
the HTML source used to display the layout below.
+------------------------------------------+
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |---------------------+
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
+--------------------| |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |----------------------+
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
+------------------------------------------+
The above layout using TABLES
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" HEIGHT="100%" BORDER>
<TR><TD ROWSPAN=2>CELL</TD><TD>CELL</TD></TR>
<TR><TD ROWSPAN=2>CELL</TD></TR>
<TR><TD ROWSPAN=2>CELL</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>CELL</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
The above layout using FrameS
<FRAMESET COLS="50%,50%">
<FRAMESET ROWS="50%,50%">
<FRAME SRC="cell.html">
<FRAME SRC="cell.html">
</FRAMESET>
<FRAMESET ROWS="33%,33%,33%">
<FRAME SRC="cell.html">
<FRAME SRC="cell.html">
<FRAME SRC="cell.html">
</FRAMESET>
</FRAMESET>
The above Frame using NOFRAMES info.
<FRAMESET COLS="50%,50%">
<NOFRAMES>
<h1 align=center><blink>Frame ALERT!</blink></h1>
<p>
This document is designed to be viewed using <b>Netscape 1.2</b>'s
Frame features. If you are seeing this message, you are using
a frame <i>challenged</i> browser.
</p>
<p>
A <b>Frame-capable</b> browser can be gotten from
<a href=http://home.netscape.com/>Netscape Communications</a>.
</p>
</NOFRAMES>
<FRAMESET ROWS="50%,50%">
<FRAME SRC="cell.html">
<FRAME SRC="cell.html">
</FRAMESET>
<FRAMESET ROWS="33%,33%,33%">
<FRAME SRC="cell.html">
<FRAME SRC="cell.html">
<FRAME SRC="cell.html">
</FRAMESET>
</FRAMESET>
Authors Address
HTML Authorship Effort
C/O Alex Edelstein, Product Manager - Non-Stinky Cheese Products
Netscape Communications Corp.
501 E. Middlefield Rd.
Mountain View, CA 94301
[email protected]
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